Arc Force and Hot Start — What It Is and Why It Matters
Arc force (also called dig or arc control) is an adjustable feature on stick welding machines that automatically increases amperage when the arc length shortens excessively — preventing the electrode from sticking to the workpiece. More arc force means the machine pushes more current when you dig in close; less arc force allows a softer, more sensitive arc for thin material and controlled penetration.
Hot start is a related feature that temporarily boosts amperage during the first 1-2 seconds after arc initiation. This extra burst of heat helps the cold electrode strike cleanly and establish a stable arc without sticking, especially with E7018 electrodes which are notoriously difficult to start cleanly.
Both features are adjustable on most modern inverter stick welders and significantly improve the stick welding experience. Higher arc force and hot start settings are useful for E6010 and E7018 electrodes in out-of-position work; lower settings suit E6013 and thin material applications where excessive current could cause burn-through.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is a good arc force setting?
Start at a medium setting (around 30-50% of the adjustment range) and adjust based on results. Increase arc force when the electrode sticks frequently during short-arc operation (running E6010 vertically, for example). Decrease when you want a softer arc for thin material or when the machine seems to push too aggressively when you tighten the arc.
Why does my E7018 keep sticking?
E7018 electrodes are harder to start than rutile-coated rods like E6013. Increase the hot start setting on your machine to provide a higher initial current burst. Ensure the electrode tip is clean — scratch it on a scrap piece of steel to expose fresh core wire. Striking technique matters: use a firm scratching motion, not a tentative tap.